Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Review

Trouble-makers in cytologic interpretation of the uterine cervix: Eunah Shin, Jaeeun Yu, Soon Won Hong; J Pathol Transl Med. 2023;57(3):139-146. Published online May 15, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2023.04.25

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The development and standardization of cytologic screening of the uterine cervix has dramatically decreased the prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Advances in the understanding of biology of human papillomavirus have contributed to upgrading the histologic diagnosis of the uterine cervix; however, cytologic screening that should triage those that need further management still poses several difficulties in interpretation. Cytologic features of high grade intraepithelial squamous lesion (HSIL) mimics including atrophy, immature metaplasia, and transitional metaplasia, and glandular lesion masquerades including tubal metaplasia and HSIL with glandular involvement are described with accentuation mainly on the differential points. When the cytologic features lie in a gray zone between the differentials, the most important key to the more accurate interpretation is sticking to the very basics of cytology; screening the background and cellular architecture, and then scrutinizing the nuclear and cytoplasmic details.

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Cytological features of human papillomavirus‐infected immature squamous metaplastic cells from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2
Mitsuaki Okodo, Kaori Okayama, Koji Teruya, Ruku Shinohara, Shuichi Mizuno, Rei Settsu, Yasuyoshi Ishii, Masahiko Fujii, Hirokazu Kimura, Mizue Oda
Journal of Medical Virology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Original Article

The Intraoperative Immunohistochemical Staining of CD56 and CK19 Improves Surgical Decision for Thyroid Follicular Lesions: Ju Yeon Pyo, Sung-eun Choi, Eunah Shin, JaSeung Koo, SoonWon Hong; J Pathol Transl Med. 2017;51(5):463-470. Published online August 2, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2017.05.25

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Abstract PDF

Background
When differential diagnosis is difficult in thyroid follicular lesions with overlapping histological features, the immunohistochemical staining can help confirm the diagnosis. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of rapid immunohistochemical stains of CD56 and cytokeratin 19 on frozen sections of thyroid follicular lesion and explore the possible gains and limitations of the practice. Methods: Eighty-six nodules of 79 patients whose intraoperative frozen sections were selected as the control group, and 53 nodules of 48 patients whose intraoperative frozen sections were subject to rapid immunohistochemistry were selected as the study group. Results: Five nodules (6%) in the control group were diagnosed as follicular neoplasm and six nodules (7%) were deferred. In the study group, six nodules (11%) were follicular neoplasm and none were deferred. Three nodules (4%) in the control group showed diagnostic discrepancy between the frozen and permanent diagnoses, but none in the study group. The average turnaround time for the frozen diagnosis of the control group was 24 minutes, whereas it was 54 minutes for the study group. Conclusions: Intraoperative rapid immunohistochemical stains significantly decreased the diagnostic discrepancy in this study. Considering the adverse effects of indefinite frozen diagnosis or discrepancy with permanent diagnoses, the intraoperative rapid immunohistochemical stain can help to accurately diagnose and hence provide guidance to surgical treatment.

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High-Contrast Facile Imaging with Target-Directing Fluorescent Molecular Rotors, the N3-Modified Thioflavin T Derivatives
Yuka Kataoka, Hiroto Fujita, Arina Afanaseva, Chioko Nagao, Kenji Mizuguchi, Yuuya Kasahara, Satoshi Obika, Masayasu Kuwahara
Biochemistry.2019; 58(6): 493. CrossRef
The diagnostic value of TROP-2, SLP-2 and CD56 expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Xueyang Yang, Yifang Hu, He Shi, Chengzhou Zhang, Zhixiao Wang, Xiaoyun Liu, Huanhuan Chen, Lijuan Zhang, Dai Cui
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.2018; 275(8): 2127. CrossRef

Case Report

Cystic Nephroma: A Case Report and Comparing Literature Review with Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumor of Kidney.: Hyun Jung Kim, Choong Hee Noh, Giyoung Kwon, Eunah Shin, Jung Yeon Kim, Kyeongmee Park; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45:S25-S28.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.S1.S25

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Abstract PDF: Cystic nephroma (CN) is a benign cystic neoplasm composed of mixed epithelial and stromal elements. Less than 200 cases have been reported. We had a patient, a 41-year-old woman, who had a huge typical CN. The patient was admitted for a right renal mass that was found incidentally. On laparaoscopic right nephrectomy, there was an encapsulated 7 cm multilocular cystic mass at the upper pole. Microscopically, the cystic wall was lined by a single layer of low cuboidal or hobnail epithelium without a solid area. The thin septa were composed of bland, ovarian type spindle cells. The main differential diagnoses were mixed epithelial and stromal tumor (MEST), low grade multilocular renal cell carcinoma, and tubulocystic carcinoma. The results of immunohistochemical staining were cytokeratin 7/19(+/+) and CD10(-) in lining epithelium, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor(+/+) in stromal cells. After surgery, she was free of recurrence for 10 months. We report this rare case and compare it with other cystic renal tumors, especially MEST.

Original Article

Cervical Cytologic Smears in Pap Solution vs ThinPrep: Smear Characteristics and Diagnostic Agreement.: Eunah Shin, Jin Kyu Park, No Won Park, Sang Bong Kim, Kyung Jong You, Jae Joon Lee, Woo Ick Yang; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(6):621-625.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.6.621

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
The Pap smear has brought about a dramatic improvement in the prevention of cervical cancer in women worldwide. In an effort to decrease the occasional false negatives in the Pap smear and further increase the screened population, ThinPrep Pap Test (TP), a fluid-based cytology collection method, has been developed. With preservation of claimed advantages of TP, we have developed a Pap test solution for manual preparatory process and compared our manually processed fluid-based Pap smear with TP to identify cytologic similarities and differences between the two methods.
METHODS
Cervical swipes of 204 patients were prospectively collected in the 'Pap solution' and also in PreservCyt solution for TP. Diagnoses and smear characteristics were compared.
RESULTS
The diagnoses of the paired smears agreed in 190 of the 204 cases (93.1%). The smear characteristics regarding overall cellularity and background cellularities were similar in the two methods and the stainability of the cells was virtually the same.
CONCLUSIONS
The 'Pap solution' has similar performance characteristics as TP in many aspects. With its advantages of cost-effectiveness and easier preparatory process, the 'Pap solution' can match previously implemented thin layer preparation.

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Cytological Evaluation and REBA HPV-ID HPV Testing of Newly Developed Liquid-Based Cytology, EASYPREP: Comparison with SurePath
Youn Soo Lee, Gyungyub Gong, Jin Hee Sohn, Ki Sung Ryu, Jung Hun Lee, Shin Kwang Khang, Kyung-Ja Cho, Yong-Man Kim, Chang Suk Kang
Korean Journal of Pathology.2013; 47(3): 265. CrossRef

Case Reports

Ki-1 Positive Extranodal NK/T Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type, Mistaken as Dermatomyositis: A Case Report and Literature Review.: Hyun Jung Kim, Eunah Shin, Jung Yeon Kim, Kyeongmee Park, Young Jin Yoo, Seung Sook Lee; Korean J Pathol. 2007;41(4):278-283.

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Abstract PDF: We report a case of a 38-year-old male with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, showing unusual clinical and pathological features. The patient was admitted for soft tissue swelling and tenderness in both legs. The patient had been treated intermittently 8 months prior for repeated muco-cutaneous ulcers. A muscle biopsy showed medium-sized atypical lymphoid cells with bizarre nuclei and plump cytoplasm, infiltrating to the skeletal muscle fibers with angiocentricity. The immunoresults were Ki-1+, CD56+, cytoplasmic CD3+, with EBV-in situ hybridization +. The patient rapidly deteriorated and died of sepsis and respiratory failure shortly after initiation of low-dose chemotherapy. A careful review of previous biopsies revealed scarce atypical lymphoid cells around vessels with similar immunoprofiles without the presence of Ki-1 positive cells. This case emphasizes that an extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma may have a dermatomyositis-like diffuse presentation. Ki-1 co-expression can be an unexpected event in a process of the disease course; however, this should be validated with future studies.

An Unusual Type of Acute Renal Failure due to Extensive Crystal Deposition in the Renal Tubular Epithelium and Interstitium: A Case Report.: Ja Seung Koo, Eunah Shin, Shin Woo Kang, Hyeon Joo Jeong; Korean J Pathol. 2004;38(5):337-340.

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Abstract PDF: Acute tubular necrosis is a major cause of acute renal failure. Acute renal failure that is caused by crystal deposition can result from drug toxicity, lymphoplasmacytic neoplasms, ingestion of industrial organic solvents, or intratubular obstruction due to degenerated red blood cells and red blood cell casts. We herein present an uncommon case of acute renal failure in a 57-year-old woman showing an unusually massive accumulation of variable-sized, round, ellipsoid or rhomboid, pale-pink, refractile bodies in the proximal and distal tubular epithelial cells, interstitial macrophages and Bowman's spaces. These bodies were electron dense with a maximum diameter of 3 micrometer. The information we gathered from the patient history, the laboratory data and the various histochemical and immunohistochemical analyses failed to reveal the exact nature of these crystal-like structures.

Pleomorphic Variant of Pineocytoma: A Case Report.: Eunah Shin, Haeryoung Kim, Tae Seung Kim, Se Hoon Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2004;38(4):265-267.

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Abstract PDF: We herein present a rare case of pineocytoma in a 23-year-old female exhibiting distinct histomorphological features. The tumor contained highly pleomorphic, often multinucleated giant cells in the background of otherwise benign pineocytomatous architecture, which at first led to an erroneous diagnosis of a high grade malignancy. However, the worrisome histological findings turned out to be constituents of a distinct subtype of pineocytoma previously described as pleomorphic variant of pineocytoma. Although it is rare, pathologists should be aware of this entity since the tumor takes on a benign clinical course like any other classic pineocytomas.

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